«Un programa es un hechizo que le echamos a un ordenador y que se transforma en una mensaje de error».

¿Estás pensando en formarte para ser un profesional de Internet? ¿Cuál de estas profesiones te atrae más? Programador, desarrollador UX/UI, diseñador web, consultor SEO, consultor SEA, responsable de marketing (CMO), content manager, redactor SEO. Según diversos estudios, en 2019 había en España 230 000 desarrolladores web, de los cuales el 75 % tenían un contrato indefinido a jornada completa. El año anterior, en 2018, el lenguaje Java se coronó como la lengua más utilizada por las empresas: el 25 % de las ofertas de empleo de programador exigían el dominio de Java, mientras que el 20 % de las ofertas pedían saber JavaScript. ¿Te gustaría aprender a programar? ¿Lo ves como una competencia necesaria para tu futuro profesional?

En este artículo explicaremos cuales son los lenguajes de programación más utilizados y para qué finalidad.

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Aquí vamos

HTML y CSS, lenguajes básicos en programación

La información de base de la web está en lenguaje HTML. Este lenguaje es el único capaz de ser interpretado por todos los navegadores web (Internet Explorer, Edge, Firefox, Chrome, Opéra, Safari, etc.). Por lo tanto, debes comenzar por aprender lenguaje HTML y CSS cuando empieces a formarte como desarrollador.

El código HTML: las bases del desarrollo web.

El lenguaje HTML

El lenguaje HTML permite determinar el contenido de las páginas web. Es el acrónimo de HyperText Markup Language. El HTML 5 (última versión del 2020) permite poner etiquetas de una página para describir su contenido:

  • Crear el hipertexto.
  • Estructurar la semántica de la página.
  • Poner el formato del contenido.
  • Crear los formularios de entrada.
  • Incluir imágenes, vídeos y otros programas informáticos.

Eliminado: Para aquellos que ya tienen un poco de cultura web (páginas y aplicaciones web) y un conocimiento de las bases de la informática por su experiencia en el desarrollo de un programa, habréis visto las etiquetas del lenguaje HTML. Estamos hablando de las famosas etiquetas , , , <body>, etc.<br/> Encontrarás también otras etiquetas como h1, h2, h3, h4, etc. : <h1>...</h1>, <h2>...</h2>, <h3>...</h3>, etc. Como dato, la etiqueta <p> indica la apertura el elemento «p», que se utiliza para separar párrafos. Los elementos y las frase de las etiquetas HTML se cierran normalmente con una barra en diagonal «/».</p><h3>El lenguaje CSS</h3><p>Desde los orígenes de la web, siempre se ha puesto en cuestión cómo debería ser el estilo de los códigos (sintaxis, claridad, jerarquía de las etiquetas, etc.). La necesaria renovación del código HTML derivó a mediados de los años 90 en la creación del lenguaje CSS. El CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) es indisociable del lenguaje HTML: describe el comportamiento general de las páginas web y hoy en día es uno de los lenguajes más utilizados para la programación de base. El CSS permite renovar el contenido HTML de una página web: colores, localizaciones, tamaños, etc. Se trata de escrituras en CSS que se aplican al código fuente. Es por lo tanto un lenguaje fundamental para ser un <a href="https://www.superprof.cl/blog/ser-programador-razones/">buen programador</a>.</p><h2 id="sección_aprender-java-y-javascript-los-lenguajes-mas-utilizados" class="chapter">Aprender Java y JavaScript, los lenguajes más utilizados</h2><p>Cada lenguaje de programación informático permite programar una u otra herramienta, interfaces-usuario, desarrollar aplicaciones móviles o web, etc.</p><p>Los lenguajes Java y JavaScript son los más utilizados.</p><h3>Java</h3><p>El lenguaje Java permite crear aplicaciones móviles. Está muy adaptado para desarrollar aplicaciones móviles nativas en Android. No suele ser el lenguaje con el que nos lanzamos cuando empezamos a aprender a programar ya que tiene la fama de ser difícil.</p><p>No obstante, como se ha extendido por todo el mundo y da buenos resultados, el lenguaje Java domina el mundo de la programación y el mundo digital. Es uno de los lenguajes de programación que hay que aprender de forma prioritaria, ya que se utiliza para desarrollar aplicaciones y en especial aplicaciones móviles conectadas a todo tipo de objetos (coches, cafeteras, mandos de la tele, etc.). El lenguaje Java permite compilar los programas en una representación binaria que se ejecutan en una máquina virtual Java (JVM) sin tener que pasar por un sistema operativo.</p><h3>JavaScript</h3><p>A diferencia de Java, el JavaScript no compila. Se trata de un código que permite <strong>programar interfaces de usuario interactivas de gran calidad</strong>, lo que lo convierte en un lenguaje de alto nivel. La sintaxis se parece a Java, pero JavaScript no tiene las mismas estructuras; permite describir el comportamiento global de la página web. Este lenguaje se define como interpretativo: se activa del lado del cliente, es decir, el navegador activa el código, lo que permite abrir páginas cuando el usuario carga una página web desde una URL. Integra scripts desde las etiquetas HTML, especialmente para añadir una animación o un efecto visual.</p><p>El JavaScript se utiliza sobre todo para mejorar la experiencia de usuario (UX, User Experience y SXO, Search eXperience Optimization). Permite crear páginas interactivas sin ralentizar el tiempo de carga. En definitiva, se trata de un lenguaje compilador muy útil para programar páginas web, mejorar la posición y la indexación de las páginas en los resultados de los motores de búsqueda (Google, Yahoo, Baidu, etc.), lo que lo hace una herramienta clave para «impulsar» el SEO (Search Engine Optimization) de una página web.</p><p>Este lenguaje es interpretado de diferentes formas según el navegador utilizado; habrá que tener una versión actualizada del navegador para que pueda activar todas las líneas de código recientes. Aprende a programar desde tu casa con nuestras clases de programación online o clases python en específico.</p><p>La <a href="https://www.superprof.cl/blog/historia-desarrollo-informatico/">informática</a> está siempre en constante evolución lo que ha generado cambios en los lenguajes de programación. Es por eso que es importante mantenerse actualizado en estos temas.</p> </div> <div class="ai-summarize-mobile"> <div class="ai-summarize-wrapper"> <p class="ai-summarize-title">Resumir con IA:</p> <div class="ai-buttons-container"> <button class="ai-button" data-tool="chatgpt" aria-label="Resumir con ChatGPT" data-tooltip="Resumir con ChatGPT"> <span class="button-icon"> <svg width="100%" style="" viewBox="0 0 29 29" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M 26.921875 11.871094 C 27.578125 9.894531 27.351562 7.730469 26.300781 5.933594 C 24.71875 3.179688 21.535156 1.761719 18.429688 2.429688 C 17.046875 0.871094 15.0625 -0.0117188 12.980469 0 C 9.804688 -0.0078125 6.988281 2.039062 6.011719 5.058594 C 3.972656 5.476562 2.210938 6.753906 1.179688 8.5625 C -0.414062 11.3125 -0.0507812 14.773438 2.078125 17.128906 C 1.421875 19.105469 1.648438 21.269531 2.699219 23.066406 C 4.28125 25.820312 7.464844 27.238281 10.570312 26.570312 C 11.949219 28.128906 13.9375 29.011719 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L 17.230469 4.894531 C 19.832031 3.394531 23.15625 4.289062 24.65625 6.886719 C 25.289062 7.988281 25.519531 9.273438 25.304688 10.523438 Z M 10.035156 15.546875 L 7.59375 14.136719 C 7.566406 14.125 7.550781 14.097656 7.546875 14.070312 L 7.546875 7.328125 C 7.546875 4.328125 9.980469 1.894531 12.984375 1.894531 C 14.253906 1.894531 15.480469 2.339844 16.457031 3.152344 C 16.414062 3.175781 16.335938 3.21875 16.289062 3.25 L 10.511719 6.585938 C 10.21875 6.753906 10.035156 7.066406 10.039062 7.40625 L 10.035156 15.542969 Z M 11.359375 12.6875 L 14.5 10.875 L 17.640625 12.6875 L 17.640625 16.3125 L 14.5 18.125 L 11.359375 16.3125 Z M 11.359375 12.6875 " fill="currentColor"/> </svg> </span> </button> <button class="ai-button" data-tool="claude" aria-label="Resumir con Claude" data-tooltip="Resumir con Claude"> <span class="button-icon"> <svg width="100%" style="" viewBox="0 0 29 29" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M 5.691406 19.21875 L 11.394531 16.03125 L 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